|
KMID : 0359420220400030151
|
|
Korean Journal of Sports Medicine
2022 Volume.40 No. 3 p.151 ~ p.169
|
|
|
From Barbells to Brawns: The Physiology of Resistance Exercise and Skeletal Muscle Growth
|
|
Park Jeremy
Mcllvain Vera
Rosenberg Jared
Donovan Lorin
Desai Priya
Kim Joon-Young
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
A complex network of biochemical pathways carries out the process of muscle regeneration/growth followingresistance exercise. The initial inflammatory response following muscle damage is primarily mediated by the nuclearfactor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase enzymes, and prostaglandins. Muscledamage also stimulates the activation, proliferation, differentiation, migration, and fusion of satellite cells ontodamaged myofibers, resulting in myofibrillar hypertrophy. The progression of the myogenic lineage is predominantlycoordinated by the wingless/integrated family of glycoproteins which engages in crosstalk with NF-κB and themitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signaling-regulated kinase network. The MAPK cascade isessential for mechanotransduction, the process of converting mechanical stimuli into biochemical responses suchas accelerated protein synthesis and satellite cell activation. Muscle protein synthesis is primarily governed by theinsulin-like growth factor 1/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway.
Several calcium-dependent pathways are also integrated into the process of myogenesis and influence skeletalmuscle plasticity. These dynamic interactions are part of the anabolic priming by resistance exercise effect, whichdefines resistance exercise as an acute catabolic event that potentiates multiple downstream anabolic pathways.
Plateaus in muscle growth are attributed to deteriorating inflammatory signaling with repeated bouts of muscledamage as well as increasing thresholds for continuous adaptations, which ultimately become unreachable beyonda certain point. The physiological ceiling of skeletal muscle mass is also credited to myostatin. However, recentdiscoveries suggest the role of myostatin is not limited to preventing excessive skeletal muscle hypertrophy.
|
|
|
KEYWORD
|
|
|
Resistance training, Skeletal muscle satellite cells, Myostatin
|
|
|
FullTexts / Linksout information
|
|
|
|
|
|
Listed journal information
|
|
  
|
|